Microwaves In Bedrooms: What The Code Says

Microwaves are a convenient kitchen appliance, but their use in bedrooms is a contentious issue. While some people may argue for their convenience, particularly in college dorms, safety concerns have been raised, and in some cases, they are prohibited. In this regard, it is essential to understand the relevant codes and regulations that govern the use of microwaves in bedrooms. These regulations vary across different locations and institutions, and it is crucial to refer to the specific guidelines applicable to your situation.

Microwaves in dorms

Microwaves are a handy appliance to have in your dorm room, especially if you want to heat up snacks between meals or warm drinks during the colder months. Most colleges allow students to bring microwaves into their dorm rooms, but it's important to check with your specific college or university first, as policies may vary. Some older dorms, for example, may not have the electrical capacity to accommodate microwaves in each room.

If you are allowed to bring a microwave, there are a few things to keep in mind. Firstly, make sure to check with your roommate beforehand to ensure you don't end up with two microwaves in the room. Most dorms only allow one microwave per room. Secondly, your microwave will need to meet certain safety requirements. It should be a UL-listed appliance with a three-prong cord, an automatic shut-off function, and a built-in thermal safety fuse. These requirements are usually met by any newer microwave.

It's also important to be considerate of your fellow dorm residents when using your microwave. Strong-smelling foods, such as fish, should be avoided, as they can trigger allergic responses or make others feel sick. Popcorn is also often discouraged due to the risk of fires and the persistent smell of burnt popcorn.

If your dorm doesn't allow microwaves in individual rooms, there may be a shared kitchen area with a microwave that you can use. This is a common solution offered by many colleges to ensure that kitchen appliances and smells are contained in one location.

To avoid fire hazards, most universities only accept microwaves with 800 watts or lower, and some may accept up to 1,000 watts. It's important to follow these guidelines to ensure your safety and avoid any issues with your dorm.

Fire hazards

Microwaves are one of the most common household appliances, and while they are generally safe, they can pose a fire risk if misused or malfunctioned. Here are some key points to consider regarding fire hazards associated with microwaves:

• Overheated food or packaging: The main cause of microwave fires is similar to that of oven or stovetop fires—overheating of food or packaging. Always follow recommended cook times and keep an eye on the microwave while it's running.
• Metal objects: Metal objects, such as metal bowls, metal foil, or even twist ties, can cause arcing and lead to a fire. Never use metal containers or utensils in the microwave.
• Recycled paper products: Recycled paper products, such as paper towels, may contain tiny metal flecks that can cause sparks and potentially flames. Only use microwave-safe paper products.
• Non-microwave-safe utensils: Always use microwave-safe utensils and containers. Non-microwave-safe materials can melt and cause damage to the appliance and your food.
• Flammable liquids: Never heat flammable or combustible liquids in the microwave, as this can lead to a fire or explosion.
• Blocked vents: Keep the vents of the microwave clear and avoid storing objects on top of it to ensure proper ventilation and prevent heat build-up.
• Improper cleaning: Regularly clean your microwave, including the oven cavity and the outer edge, to prevent a build-up of grease and food residue that could catch fire.
• Power sources: Issues with power sources, such as power surges or faulty power supply, can cause electrical fires. Always plug your microwave directly into a wall outlet and avoid using extension leads.
• Improper use: Never attempt to dry or sterilise clothes or blankets in the microwave, as this can lead to a fire. Also, avoid boiling water in the microwave, as it can overheat and erupt violently.
• Microwave malfunctions: While rare, microwave malfunctions can occur. Always follow the manufacturer's instructions, and if you notice any issues, contact the manufacturer for guidance.
• Inadequate ventilation: Microwaves generate heat, so ensure they are placed in a well-ventilated area. If installing a microwave in a cabinet, follow the necessary safety precautions, including providing adequate clearance and ventilation.

Wattage limits

Microwaves are available in various wattages, typically ranging from 600 to 1,200 watts. The wattage of a microwave determines its cooking power and speed. A higher wattage offers more versatility in the types of meals you can prepare and can cook food quicker. For instance, a 1,000-watt microwave will cook quickly and efficiently. On the other hand, microwaves with 700 watts or less are slower and may not cook as evenly.

Small microwaves usually fall within the 600-800 watt range and can take longer to heat food. Most microwavable foods give cooking instructions for 800-watt microwaves, so anything lower will result in longer cooking times. Microwaves with wattages between 800 and 1,000 watts can handle more complex cooking tasks and may offer additional features such as defrosting and different power levels.

Microwaves with wattages of 1,000 and above are considered high-wattage and are closer to ovens in terms of functionality. They are capable of cooking bigger and more complex meals and are suitable for cooking raw meats. These higher-wattage microwaves are typically used in restaurants and by cooking enthusiasts or professional chefs.

It is worth noting that higher-wattage microwaves tend to be bulkier, more expensive, and consume more energy compared to lower-wattage models. However, the cost of running a microwave is generally low. When choosing a microwave, it is important to consider your specific needs and cooking habits to determine the wattage that best suits your requirements.

National Electrical Code

The National Electrical Code (NEC), also known as NFPA 70, is the US standard for the safe installation of electrical systems. The NEC is published by the National Fire Protection Agency (NFPA) and is updated every three years. The code gives the basics of what electrical inspectors look for when they review a space.

The NEC's guidelines are rules or laws that dictate how electrical wiring can be installed in residences. The code requires that outlets, boxes, grounding, GFCI and AFCI protection, and other parts of residential electric systems are safely installed.

The NEC requires that each microwave has a dedicated 20-amp, 120/125-volt circuit. This will require 12/2 NM wire with a ground. While this circuit does not need GFCI protection in most areas, it is sometimes required when the appliance plugs into an accessible outlet. AFCI protection is usually required for this circuit since the appliance is plugged into an outlet.

The NEC also requires that two dedicated 20-amp, 120/125-volt circuits run small appliance loads, including toasters, electric griddles, coffee pots, blenders, etc. Two circuits are the minimum required by code, but more can be installed depending on your needs.

It is important to note that local code always takes precedence over the NEC if there are any differences. Individual communities can set their own standards, so it is essential to check with your local building department about specific requirements for your situation.

Local building codes

In the United States, the National Electrical Code (NEC) serves as the basis for most local codes, but individual communities often set their own standards. The NEC requires that kitchens have multiple circuits to accommodate the high electricity usage of various appliances. Each appliance typically needs its own dedicated circuit, and kitchens also require small appliance circuits and lighting circuits.

Microwave ovens, in particular, need a dedicated 20-amp, 120/125-volt circuit. This requirement is due to larger microwave ovens drawing up to 1500 watts of power. This dedicated circuit usually does not require GFCI protection but may need AFCI protection in some areas.

When it comes to dorm rooms or bedrooms, the decision to allow microwaves may depend on the building's wiring and fire safety considerations. For example, older buildings with outdated wiring may not have the capacity to handle the electrical load of multiple microwaves, leading to tripped breakers or even electrical fires. In such cases, microwaves may be restricted to common areas with more robust wiring.

Additionally, some universities and colleges may have specific rules prohibiting microwaves in dorm rooms to prevent fire hazards. For instance, the University of California, Santa Barbara, prohibits cooking equipment, including microwaves, in student rooms for safety reasons.

It's worth noting that local building codes may have specific definitions for "dwelling units" or "kitchen equipment," which could impact whether microwaves are permitted in bedrooms or dorm rooms. Ultimately, it's essential to consult the specific local building codes and fire safety regulations in your area to determine if microwaves are allowed in bedrooms.

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