Understanding Bedroom Window Types: A Guide To Identifying Yours

Knowing the type of windows in your home is important when communicating with home improvement companies, letting agents, or maintenance crews. The first step in determining the type of windows you have is to identify the manufacturer. This can be done by looking for a maker's mark, label, or sticker on the window, which should detail the model, serial number, and other information. If this method fails, you can try looking at receipts or accounts from when the windows were installed or replaced. Once you have identified the manufacturer, you can compare the window to online images to determine its type, such as casement, sliding, or double-hung windows. Other factors to consider include the style, colour, and materials of the window, as well as any energy efficiency ratings or features.

Check for a maker's mark or label

If you want to identify your bedroom window, one of the best ways is to check for a maker's mark or label. This can be a little tricky, as sometimes these labels are hidden to prevent them from detracting from the window's appearance. However, here is a comprehensive guide to help you through the process:

Firstly, it is important to have good lighting when conducting your search. You may even want to use a magnifying glass to ensure you don't miss any small details. Start by checking the window hardware, such as handles, sash locks, and other accessories. Some manufacturers, like Acorn, Caradco, and Hurd, stamp their name on these parts. However, keep in mind that window parts may have been replaced or sourced from different companies, so the manufacturer of these parts may not be the original window maker.

Next, inspect the glass for any etched or engraved branding, logos, or serial numbers. This branding could be on the face of the glass or in one of the corners. Some companies, like Andersen, Shelter, and Windsor, are known to etch their names in the corner of the glass. If you find a serial number or code instead of a brand name, you can try searching for it online to identify the manufacturer.

Don't forget to check the spacer bar channel, which sits between the two sheets of glass in your window. Some manufacturers, like Marvin, Keller, and Malta, stamp their information there.

Additionally, look for certification stickers from organisations like the National Accreditation & Management Institute (NAMI) or the American Architectural Manufacturers Association (AAMA). These stickers are often placed on hidden portions of the window, such as the sides of jambs or movable sashes. Even if you only find a series number, model number, or code, you can use these details to search for the manufacturer online or by contacting window companies in your area.

Finally, if your window has a vinyl or aluminium frame, look for a small metal logo that may be engraved or nailed onto the window for easy identification. For wood or fibreglass frames, a stamped logo burned into the frame material is more common.

Compare to online images

Once you have identified the manufacturer of your windows, the next step is to compare your windows to online images of different types of windows. This will help you determine the type of windows you have.

You can search for pictures of different types of windows such as casement windows, double-hung windows, and sliding windows. Compare the images to your own windows, considering details such as the number of panes, the direction in which they open, and the type of frame. For example, casement windows are hinged windows that typically open outward using a lever or crank, while double-hung windows slide up and down, and sliding windows move side to side.

Additionally, consider the material of the window frames. Common materials include wood, vinyl, and aluminum. Older windows tend to have timber frames, while uPVC and aluminum are popular modern options.

By comparing your windows to online images and considering these various factors, you can determine the type of bedroom windows you have.

Understand energy efficiency ratings

Energy-efficient windows are crucial for maintaining a consistent temperature in your home, reducing energy costs, and minimising your carbon footprint. Here's a detailed guide to help you understand energy efficiency ratings for windows:

Energy Performance Ratings:

The energy performance rating of a window measures its energy efficiency. The National Fenestration Rating Council (NFRC) determines energy performance measurements and certifies windows based on these ratings. The following factors are considered:

• Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC): This measures the amount of solar heat that enters a window compared to the amount that gets inside. A lower SHGC is desirable in warm climates as it reduces heat gain, while a higher SHGC can be beneficial in cold climates to allow more solar heat inside.
• U-Factor: The U-factor indicates the rate of heat loss through a window. A lower U-factor means better insulation, as it represents higher resistance to heat flow. The most energy-efficient windows typically have a U-factor between 0.30 and 0.15.
• Visible Transmittance: Visible transmittance measures the amount of visible light that passes through the window. It is rated on a scale of 0 to 1, with higher numbers indicating more light transmittance.
• Air Leakage: Air leakage measures the amount of air escaping through the window frame. It is estimated as the equivalent cubic feet of air passing through per square foot of window area (cfm/sq. ft). Lower air leakage values indicate a more energy-efficient window.

Understanding Window Types:

Windows can be categorised into single-pane, double-pane, and triple-pane options, each offering varying levels of energy efficiency:

• Single-Pane Windows: These windows have the lowest energy efficiency due to their single layer of glass, resulting in significant heat loss during winter and heat gain in summer. They are the least effective at creating a thermal barrier.
• Double-Pane Windows: Double-pane windows offer substantial energy efficiency with two layers of glass and one layer of insulating gas. They provide a good balance between cost and performance, making them a popular choice for homeowners.
• Triple-Pane Windows: Triple-pane windows are the most energy-efficient option, featuring three layers of glass and two insulating gas-filled spaces. They provide superior insulation and noise reduction but come with higher costs and weight.

Additional Factors:

When choosing energy-efficient windows, consider the following:

• Frame Material: Traditional materials like wood offer natural insulation but require more maintenance. Modern materials such as vinyl and fiberglass provide excellent insulation with less upkeep. Aluminum frames, while durable, are less efficient insulators.
• Low-Emissivity (Low-E) Glass: Low-E glass has a thin coating that reflects heat, improving insulation and blocking harmful UV rays. It is commonly used in energy-efficient windows.
• Window Treatments: Curtains, blinds, shutters, and awnings can enhance the energy efficiency of your windows by controlling the amount of heat entering or escaping.
• Maintenance: Regular maintenance, such as caulking, weatherstripping, and repairing broken panes, can help restore the energy efficiency of your windows.

Energy Star Certification:

Look for the Energy Star certification when choosing energy-efficient windows. This certification is awarded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to windows that meet strict energy-saving and performance criteria. Energy Star-certified windows are designed to offer significant energy savings and reduced greenhouse gas emissions.

Identify window style

Identifying the style of your bedroom window can be tricky, but there are several common types of windows to look out for.

Single-Hung and Double-Hung Windows

Single-hung and double-hung windows are classic styles found in many homes. They both feature an upper and lower sash in a rectangular or square frame, depending on the design. The main difference is that single-hung windows slide vertically with a bottom window panel that moves up and down, while the upper sash remains stationary. On the other hand, double-hung windows allow both sashes to move up and down and usually tilt out for easy cleaning and maintenance.

Casement Windows

Casement windows are controlled by a crank or another mechanism that gradually pivots the window. They open and close like a door and are often found in older homes, especially those built in the 1960s and 1970s in ranch or bungalow styles. Casement windows are more modern-looking than single-hung or double-hung windows due to the absence of the upper and lower sash design.

Slider Windows

Slider windows, also known as sliding windows, move from side to side. They have one or two sashes that slide on horizontal tracks. Slider windows are simple to maintain and are commonly found in mid-century modern and ranch-style homes.

Picture Windows

Picture windows are large expanses of glass that do not open but provide amazing views and abundant natural light. They are often found in living rooms and sometimes in kitchen areas.

Bay or Bow Windows

Bay or bow windows have a distinctive style and are a combination of windows that extend outward from the house's wall. Bay windows are typically square-shaped, while bow windows have a curved shape. They usually have a stationary centre window flanked by casement or double-hung windows.

Awning Windows

Awning windows are attached to the top of the window frame and lock into place at the bottom. When fully open, they resemble an awning, allowing air to flow up and into the room. Awning windows are often used in rainy climates as they can be left open during light rain.

Other Window Styles

Other window styles include jalousie, arched, Palladian, transom, garden, glass block, hopper, skylight, and round circle windows. Jalousie windows are more common in older homes and warmer climates, while arched windows have a distinctive curved or arched top. Palladian windows have a distinctive arched top that flows into a rectangular shape, flanked by two smaller side panels. Transom windows are often found above entrance doors or picture windows, while garden windows are five-sided units that extend from the house's side, commonly used for plants. Glass block windows are fixed windows made with architectural glass blocks to allow light while maintaining privacy. Hopper windows, commonly found in basements or bathrooms, open from the top and tip down, providing excellent insulation. Skylight windows are installed in the roof or ceiling, bringing natural light to rooms with limited sunlight. Finally, round circle windows add architectural interest and are commonly found in Gothic-era homes.

Check for impact-resistance

Impact-resistant windows are essential for protecting your home from severe weather conditions, especially if you live in an area prone to hurricanes, tornadoes, or hailstorms. Here are some detailed ways to check if your bedroom windows are impact-resistant:

Look for Window Rating Labels

The easiest way to determine if your windows are impact-resistant is to look for weather resistance or window rating labels. These labels indicate the window's ability to withstand storms based on industry standards. Most rating labels are located on the lower corners of the windows and provide information such as the supplier's name, fabrication location, manufacturing date, and certification details.

Check Installation Paperwork

If your windows don't have any visible markings, you can check the installation paperwork for a safety glazing certification. This certification is commonly used for impact-resistant windows and indicates that your windows are designed to withstand harsh weather.

Feel the Glass Thickness

Impact-resistant windows are typically thicker than standard windows. Standard glass is usually made from materials like limestone and sand, while impact-resistant glass consists of two sheets of glass laminated with a durable plastic interlayer. You can feel the difference by touching the edges of the windows.

Observe Double Reflections

A unique way to test for impact resistance is to hold an object up to the glass and observe the reflection. Impact-resistant glass has multiple layers, so you should see multiple reflections instead of a single one.

Check for Permanent Markings

Impact-resistant glass often has a permanent frosted marking in one of the corners, which may include the supplier's name, fabrication place, manufactured date, and safety standard certification. This marking is usually etched onto the glass, whereas standard glass typically has a removable label.

Inspect the Glass Composition

Impact-resistant windows are made from two sheets of glass with a plastic interlayer, giving them a different composition than standard windows. This construction makes them much stronger and safer than traditional windows.

Frequently asked questions