Broom Finish Concrete Patios: A Comprehensive Guide

what is 1 broom finish concrete patio

A broom finish is a popular choice for concrete patios due to its functionality, character, and affordability. This technique involves using a broom to create a slip-resistant texture on the surface of freshly poured concrete, making it safer to walk on, especially when wet. The process requires skill and expertise to achieve consistent pressure and handle tough angles. Broom finishes add traction, control water flow, and can incorporate coloured concrete options for a personalised touch.

Characteristics Values
Purpose To create a non-slip surface on freshly poured concrete
Use Patios, walkways, driveways, porches, steps, verandas
Advantages Sharp appearance, adds traction, cost-effective, controls water flow, long-lasting, hides stains and imperfections
Disadvantages Can be rough on bare feet, not as decorative as other finishes, may trap dirt and debris, can cause colour variations
Timing Critical – brush too early and the surface will be weak; too late and there won't be enough texture
Technique Drag a stiff-bristled broom slowly across the surface, creating consistent, light strokes in the same direction
Broom Types Horsehair, nylon, polypropylene, plastic

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The broom finish technique

To achieve a high-quality broom finish, professional installation and attention to detail are important. The process typically involves striking off with a screed, levelling the concrete with a bull float, and then using a broom to create the desired texture. Timing is critical, as the broom finish must be applied while the concrete is still soft but after the bleed water has evaporated. This can take anywhere from 20 minutes to a few hours, depending on the weather.

There are several types of brooms that can be used for this technique, including horsehair, nylon, polypropylene, and plastic. The choice of broom depends on the desired texture and the level of experience of the installer. For example, nylon brooms create deeper imprints, while horsehair brooms offer more subtle lines. Plastic brooms are also a popular choice as they are durable and do not succumb to rust or warping.

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The benefits of broom finish concrete

Broom finish concrete is a popular choice for outdoor surfaces such as patios, driveways, and walkways. It is a technique where a broom or brush is passed over the top layer of finished concrete to create a slip-resistant texture. This process adds functionality, character, and traction to the surface, making it safer to walk on. Here are some of the benefits of broom finish concrete in more detail:

Slip Resistance and Safety

Broom finish concrete solves the problem of smooth concrete surfaces becoming dangerously slippery when wet. The broom finish creates a rough texture that prevents slips and falls, making it ideal for wet areas such as around pools and spas. The small ridges left by the broom bristles provide traction and improve safety.

Durability and Maintenance

The broom finish technique has been used for many years and provides a durable, high-traction surface. It is a low-maintenance option that can withstand heavy foot traffic and is suitable for both indoor and outdoor spaces. With proper maintenance, a broom finish concrete surface can last for decades. Regular sweeping and occasional pressure washing will help to prevent dirt and debris buildup.

Affordability and Cost-Effectiveness

Broom finish concrete is one of the least expensive techniques for floor finishing. It is a cost-effective choice for outdoor surfaces as it is affordable and easy to maintain. The installation process is also straightforward and does not require special training or skill sets. Broom finish concrete can also be used to upgrade and repair deteriorating concrete surfaces, adding skid resistance and improving their lifespan.

Customization and Aesthetics

Broom finish concrete allows for customization and creative patterns to be incorporated into the design. By using different types of brooms, bristles, textures, and colours, unique patterns and designs can be created. This adds visual appeal and transforms outdoor spaces. Broom finish concrete can be used to create straight lines, zigzag patterns, circular designs, borders, and modern geometric shapes. It can also be combined with decorative stamps or coloured concrete options to enhance the overall aesthetic.

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How to achieve a broom finish

A broom finish is a popular choice for concrete installations due to its functionality and character. It is also a safe option, as it provides a non-slip surface. Here is a step-by-step guide on how to achieve a broom finish:

Step 1: Prepare the Concrete

Before beginning the broom finish, the concrete should be poured and levelled. Use a bull float to level the concrete and ensure it is smooth. At this stage, you may also want to use a trowel—some contractors recommend trowelling once or twice before the broom finish. However, others skip this step, as over-trowelling can make it harder to create the desired texture.

Step 2: Timing is Critical

The timing of the broom finish is crucial. If you start too early, the surface will be weak; too late, and there won't be enough texture. You should wait until the concrete is firm enough that it won't leave an imprint if you push it with your finger, but soft enough on the top to accept marks from a stiff broom. This usually happens once the concrete has bled out and most of the moisture has evaporated. Depending on the weather, this can take anywhere from 20 minutes to a few hours.

Step 3: Choose the Right Broom

The type of broom you use will impact the final result. Brooms come in various widths, and the block that holds the bristles can be made from wood, aluminium, or plastic. Plastic blocks are popular because they are durable and don't warp. The bristles are typically made from nylon, polypropylene, or horsehair, and they come in different stiffnesses and sizes, which will create different textures.

Step 4: Apply the Broom Finish

When the concrete is ready, lightly drag the broom across the surface using consistent pressure and direction. Ensure you don't apply too much pressure, as this can undo the smooth finish. If you want a decorative look, experiment with different bristle textures, colours, and movement patterns. For a more uniform finish, use a handleless broom or a broom attached to a bull float, which will ensure the weight is supported by the float rather than the broom.

Step 5: Cure the Concrete

Once you have applied the broom finish, you must cure the concrete. You can do this by spraying a curing compound or using polyethylene sheets. If you are working with plain grey concrete, add a white curing agent so you can see where it has been applied (the colour will fade in a few weeks).

Step 6: Seal the Concrete

Finally, seal the concrete to protect and enhance the finish. Use a penetrating acrylic or urethane-based cure-and-seal product designed for broomed concrete.

With the right tools and timing, you can achieve a high-quality and attractive broom finish on your concrete patio.

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Different broom types and bristles

A broom finish is a popular choice for concrete installations due to its functionality and character. It is also a safe option, providing a non-slip surface. Different broom types and bristles will create varying textures and degrees of slip resistance. Here is a guide to help you choose the right broom type and bristles for your project:

Different Broom Types:

  • Push brooms: These brooms have wide faces designed for efficient sweeping and are ideal for large open areas. They move debris straight ahead in a single pass.
  • Push-to-center brooms: Similar to push brooms but with angled sides that push dirt towards the center.
  • Precision brooms: Best for tight corners and obstructed areas. Angle brooms, lobby brooms, and whisk brooms fall into this category.
  • Corn brooms: The classic, versatile, all-purpose broom.
  • Drag brooms: Designed to be pulled rather than pushed, with the widest broom face (up to 84 inches).
  • Track brooms: A corn broom with an ice scraper, useful for chipping icy spots from outdoor walkways.
  • Concrete finishing brooms: Used to provide a fine finish on newly poured concrete, creating a less slippery surface.
  • Water brushes: Used to finish concrete, apply damp-proofing, and clean or apply paint or mixtures to various surfaces.

Broom Bristle Types:

  • Synthetic bristles: Typically made from nylon or polypropylene, these bristles are durable, easy to clean, and versatile. Nylon bristles create deeper imprints, while polypropylene bristles are softer and create very smooth finishes.
  • Natural bristles: Made from plant fibers or animal hair, these bristles are softer and more delicate. Horsehair and Tampico (from Mexican agave plants) are ideal for sweeping fine particles on smooth surfaces. Corn fiber and Palmyra (from palm trees) are suitable for rough and semi-smooth surfaces.
  • Combination bristles: Offering a balance of durability and effectiveness, these brooms can handle various surfaces and tasks.
  • Flagged bristles: With frayed ends, flagged bristles are ideal for collecting smaller particles.
  • Unflagged bristles: Stiff and straight, these bristles are more durable and better for larger debris.

When choosing a broom, consider the space you're sweeping, the surface type (rough or smooth), and the type of mess you'll be dealing with. The bristles' stiffness and thickness will also depend on whether you're working with extreme textures or creating decorative patterns.

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Maintaining a broom finish

Regular Sweeping and Cleaning:

Use a stiff-bristled broom to sweep your concrete patio regularly. This helps prevent dirt, dust, and debris buildup, keeping your patio clean and reducing the risk of stains. You can also use a pressure washer on a low setting to deep clean the surface without damaging the concrete.

Reapply Sealant:

Every few years, it is crucial to reapply a cure-and-seal product to your concrete patio. This will enhance and protect the finish, ensuring its longevity. Look for a penetrating acrylic or urethane-based cure-and-seal product specifically designed for broomed concrete.

Prevent Water Damage:

Remove any standing water or ice from your concrete patio to prevent freeze-thaw damage. This type of damage can cause cracks and deterioration over time, so it is important to address it promptly.

Repair Cracks and Imperfections:

If cracks, pits, or other imperfections appear on your concrete patio, repair them as soon as possible. Wear eye protection and gloves when using any chemicals for repairs, and always follow the manufacturer's guidelines to ensure maximum durability.

Avoid Sharp and Heavy Objects:

Avoid dragging sharp or heavy objects across your broom finish, as they can easily scratch or damage the surface. Be cautious when moving furniture or heavy items across your concrete patio to prevent unintentional damage.

Reapply Coloured Finishes:

If you have chosen to add colour to your broom finish, it is important to periodically reapply the coloured finish or stain to maintain its vibrancy and freshness. This will also help conceal any minor imperfections that may appear over time.

Consult Professionals:

If you are ever unsure about how to maintain or repair your broom finish concrete patio, consult a concrete professional or specialist. They have the expertise and experience to guide you and ensure your patio remains in optimal condition.

By following these maintenance instructions, you can keep your broom finish concrete patio looking its best and prolong its lifespan, ensuring it remains a safe and attractive addition to your outdoor space.

Frequently asked questions

A broom finish concrete patio is a patio made from concrete that has been finished using a broom to create a slip-resistant texture. This technique is used to improve the safety of the concrete when it is wet.

The concrete needs to be firm enough that it will not leave an imprint if you press your thumb into it, but still soft enough to accept marks from the broom. This can be a tricky balance to get right and may take some practice.

Brooms designed for concrete finishing are available to purchase, and they come in a variety of widths. The bristles can be made from horsehair, nylon, or polypropylene, and the block that holds the bristles is usually made from wood, aluminium, or plastic.

First, the concrete slab is poured and levelled with a screed. Then, you need to wait for the bleed water to evaporate. After this, you can use the broom to create the finish, dragging it slowly across the surface to create small ridges.

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